Health Promotion Model Of Nursing - 1353 Words

Health Promotion Model Amy D. Kramer Point Loma Nazarene University Introduction Nursing theory is important to the profession of nursing as it provides guidance to practice and helps to broaden nursing knowledge. Although nursing theory can be traced back to Florence Nightingale’s pioneer work during and after the Crimean War, it was not until the twentieth century that theory development in the nursing profession became a major part of discussion and implementation (Alligood, 2010). Because the nursing profession is complex and there are multiple practice settings, nursing theory is not a one size fits all. As stated by Alligood (2010), â€Å" Nursing theoretical works represent the most comprehensive presentation of systematic nursing knowledge; therefore, nursing theoretical works are vital to the future of both the discipline and the profession of nursing† (p.6). There are a multitude of theorists and theoretical works that have guided nursing practice the last six decades. Theoretical models and frameworks include but are not limited to: ph ilosophies, conceptual models, grand theories, and middle-range theories (Polit Beck, 2012). The conceptual model that is discussed in this paper is Pender’s Health Promotion Model. A conceptual model is similar to a theory in that it deals with abstract concepts grouped together by their relevance, but less formal than a theoretical model (Polit Beck, 2012; Masters, 2012). Conceptual models, as pertains toShow MoreRelatedNola Pender s Health Promotion Model888 Words   |  4 PagesNola Pender’s health promotion model is an organizing structure that establishes how nurses and patients can work together to aid individuals in achieving optimal health outcomes through health promotion engagement. The model of health promotion is multifaceted in the nature that it is applicable across the lifespan in various settings and situations and has also been revised to mirror more effective outcomes of patient well-being. The model’s development was based primarily on Pe nder’s life experiencesRead MoreHealth Promotion Model And Mid Range Theory Essay1483 Words   |  6 PagesTheories in the Nursing Field The nursing field comprises different theories that are used to govern nursing practice through offering different perspectives and views of phenomena. A theory can be defined as the development of a link between concepts that create a certain view of a phenomenon (Jackson, n.d.). The theories in the nursing field focus on issues that are relevant to enhancing patient care, overall nursing practice, and nursing education. Moreover, these theories are used to defineRead MorePender s Health Promotion Model1580 Words   |  7 PagesPender’s Health Promotion Model and Parse’s Human Becoming Theory Nursing theories aid the development of nursing practice. Being able to analyze and critique theories enables nurses to develop their practice, and how different theories affect their own nursing theory. Pender’s Health Promotion Model (HPM) and Parse’s Human Becoming Theory, are theories that are easily applicable in the community nursing field, while also having applications to other areas of nursing practice. Background and InfluencesRead MoreEssay on Health Promotion1354 Words   |  6 PagesHealth promotion and teaching are important tools for nursing. By promoting health and health teaching, nurses can help lay the foundation for a healthier future. Major Concepts and Definitions BeliefÂâ€"a statement of sense, declared or implied, that is intellectually and/or emotionally accepted as true by a person or group. AttitudeÂâ€"a relatively constant feeling, predisposition, or a set of beliefs that is directed toward an object, a person, or a situation. ValueÂâ€"a preferenceRead MoreThe Grand Nursing Theory Chosen By The Future Apn Is Roy s Model Of Adaptation943 Words   |  4 PagesThe grand nursing theory chosen by the future APN is Roy’s Model of Adaptation. In 1970, Sister Callista Roy identified the need for conceptual frameworks to be developed in order to have a foundation from which to build nursing knowledge. She developed the Model of Adaptation based on her theory that all patients must adapt to his/her given situations; we as nurses must guide and encourage positive adaptation for our patients (Roy, 1970). Roy’s grand theory addressed all four of Fawcett’s conceptsRead MorePender s Health Promotion Model1128 Words   |  5 PagesPender’s Health Promotion Model Theoretical Framework Analysis Alison Kascher Simmons College â€Æ' Health promotion is defined as the process of empowering individuals to make healthy lifestyle choices and motivating them to become better self-managers (Ricketts, 2014). Nola Pender’s Health Promotion Model (HPM) focuses on increasing a person’s level of well-being and identifies the multifaceted nature of individuals as they interact with their environment to pursue health (Health Promotion Model, 2013)Read MoreHealth Promotion Is Necessary For Improving The Health Of Patients Essay1431 Words   |  6 Pages1. Introduction i. The World Health Organization (2016), defines health promotion as the process of enabling individuals to increase control over, and to improve their health. Health promotion focuses on helping clients improve health and quality of life by addressing and preventing causes of illness, and not just on treatment and cure. ii. Also, according to the Center for Disease Prevention and Control (2015), health risk behaviors have been identified to cause much of the illness, sufferingRead More Health Promotion and Teaching as Tools for Nursing Essay1325 Words   |  6 PagesLaying the Foundation for a Healthier Future Health promotion and teaching are important tools for nursing. By promoting health and health teaching, nurses can help lay the foundation for a healthier future. Major Concepts and Definitions Belief–a statement of sense, declared or implied, that is intellectually and/or emotionally accepted as true by a person or group. Attitude–a relatively constant feeling, predisposition, or a set of beliefs that is directedRead MoreMid Range Nursing Theory813 Words   |  3 Pageswhat a mid-range nursing theory is and provide an example of an existing mid-range theory that would be of use in your practice setting. Mid-range theories stand between the definitions of pure theory and practice, and can be defined as a set of related ideas that are focused on a limited dimension of the reality of nursing. These theories are composed of concepts and suggested relationships among the concepts that can be depicted in a model (Liehr Smith 2008: xvii). This model is often directlyRead MoreUnderstanding Health And Health Promotion1348 Words   |  6 Pagesdefinition of both health and health promotion. I have determined that there is no â€Å"correct† way to describe these concepts, but multiple conceptualizations of each. An individual’s health status can be determined using a wide variety of factors, and there are several different methods of promoting health. This paper aims to identify the concepts that I believe define health and health promotion most accurately, based on my personal opinions and experiences. In my opinion, health is all encompassing

The Metaphors of Conrads Heart of Darkness Essay

The Metaphors of Heart of Darkness Within the text of Heart of Darkness, the reader is presented with many metaphors. Those that recur, and are most arresting and notable, are light and dark, nature and Kurtz and Marlow. The repeated use of light and dark imagery represents civilization and primitiveness, and of course the eternal meaning of good and evil. However, the more in depth the reader goes the more complex it becomes. Complex also are the meanings behind the metaphors of nature included within the text. It represents a challenge for the colonists, often also signifying decay and degeneration. Finally Kurtz and Marlow represent imperialism and the colonists. All these metaphors come together and contribute not only to†¦show more content†¦They werent dark until the coming of the light. The reader is presented with conflicting and complex meanings, and is affected accordingly. They become sympathetic toward the natives, despite the fact that they are supposed to be evil and uncivilized. Similarly, the metaphor of light representing the white mans nature of civility and goodness is flawed. The white man is civilized, but is that really a good thing? The reader can see that although the white men are civilized, they are brutes that are interested only in capital gain. The ivory that they hoard is white too. Again, the contradictory nature of these metaphors produces interesting effects on the reader. They pity that which is dark, which is only in darkness because of the light. They pity that which they are not really supposed to pity, and they are being asked to all throughout the text. It can be seen then, that the darkness and lightness as metaphors in regards to the natives and the white men, creates effects for the reader that are only strengthened, as they get further through the text. Darkness is also an important metaphor for disaster and misery. The old women knitting are using black wool. Marlow even mentions his uneasiness in regards to them, and how the older of the two seemed uncanny and fateful, how they were guarding the door of Darkness (Conrad 14). They were an omen for the dark months ahead, warning him ofShow MoreRelated Things Fall Apart Contradicts Stereotypes and Stereotyping in Heart of Darkness1750 Words   |  7 PagesAchebes Things Fall Apart Contradicts Stereotypes in Conrads Heart of Darkness In An Image of Africa: Racism in Conrads Heart of Darkness, Chinua Achebe criticizes Joseph Conrad for his racist stereotypes towards the continent and people of Africa. He claims that Conrad propagated the dominant image of Africa in the Western imagination rather than portraying the continent in its true form (1793). Africans were portrayed in Conrads novel as savages with no language other than grunts andRead MoreRacism And Sexism In Joseph Conrads Heart Of Darkness1108 Words   |  5 Pagesundertaking VCE. From the time Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad was published in 1899 the novel has been held under considerable scrutiny as many interpretations have been developed over the novels true intent as well as the overall message portrayed within. Chinua Achebe’s â€Å"An Image of Africa† is a well-known criticism on Heart of Darkness that focuses on a Post-Colonial perspective to describe the nature of the novel. Jeremy Hawthorn’s â€Å"The Women of Heart of Darkness† is another well-known criticismRead MoreSymbolism In Joseph Conrads Heart Of Darkness805 Words   |  4 PagesJoseph Conrad’s novella, Heart of Darkness, contains many symbols that connect to themes within it. Heart of Darkness incorporates the symbols of light and dark to develop the idea that society and characters, like Kurtz, contribute to the darkness of their society. Conrad’s different observations of the effect that nature can have on the characters and society within the novel, primarily focus on how something light and desirable can prove to bring out the ugliest aspects of humanity or cause significantRead MoreSignificant Elements Of Joseph Conrad s Heart Of Darkness1326 Words   |  6 Pagesof Joseph Conrad’s novella ‘Heart of Darkness’ are appropriated into Francis Ford Coppola’s film ‘Apocalypse Now’ in the setting of the jungles of Vietnam during the Vietnam War. As the title suggests, Conradâ₠¬â„¢s novel deeply explores the ‘darkness’ potentially inherent in people’s hearts. Heart of Darkness is set on the Congo River during the European occupation of Africa. Conrad explores the effect of exploitation on humanity. Similarly, Coppola’s film explores the metaphorical ‘darkness’ in VietnamRead MoreAnalysis Of Joseph Conrad s Heart Of Darkness1164 Words   |  5 PagesAs Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness eludes to the inverse interpretation of colors as a motif, Francis Ford Coppola’s Apocalypse Now not only mimics but also portrays through the Vietnam War, the contrasting misguided crusades of enlightenment that the supreme race forces upon savages. The reversed meanings amongst the colors and entangled description in Heart of Darkness shows how backwards civilization is through the need to enlighten or civilize the natives is flamboyantly flaunted in both theRead MoreHeart Of Darkness By Joseph Conrad And The Portrayal Of Women1679 Words   |  7 PagesLucia Zhu Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad and the Portrayal of Women Joseph Conrad’s novella Heart of Darkness is an adventure tale about the narrator’s journey through the mysterious Congo River. Marlow, the narrator, becomes a sea captain as he travels the world in a steamboat. His journey starts from the Thames River in England to deep in the Congo River of Africa. Marlow’s mission is to locate and retrieve Europe’s best agent–Mr. Kurtz. As the search for Kurtz proves to be both horrifyingRead MoreImagery, Symbolism and Motif in Heart of Darkness1053 Words   |  5 PagesIn this extract taken from the Novella, Heart of Darkness, Joseph Conrad explores many elements. Conrad uses a framing narrative; Marlow’s narrative is framed by another narrative, in which the reader listens to Marlow’s story told through one of those listening. The narrator remains unnamed as do the other listeners. The narration is told in the first-person plural, letting the reader know what each of the four listeners are thinki ng and feeling. It could be interpreted that the anonymity of theRead More Apocalypse Now vs Heart of Darkness Essay1120 Words   |  5 Pages Francis Ford Coppola’s Apocalypse Now lacks the impact of its inspiration, Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness. While the basic elements of imperialism and human nature remain intact, the characters of the film bare little resemblance to their literary counterparts. The film serves as a re-interpretation of Conrad’s novella, updated from 19th-century British imperialism in the Congo to a critique of 20th-century U.S. imperialism in Southeast Asia. Coppola’s changes in setting and plot structure, howeverRead More King Leopolds Ghost Essay727 Words   |  3 Pagesobsessed with the idea of colonies and the profit that they could bring to his country. In the beginning he did not attempt to cover-up this ambition, but soon realized he needed to in order to have the approval of those countries around him. The metaphor Hochschild uses to explain Leopolds venture into the Congo is brilliant. He compares Leopold to a director of a play and explains how he directs his actors and stagehands, such as Henry Shelton Sanford and Henry Morton Stanley. By acting asRead MoreHeart of Darkness/Blood Diamond Essay1194 Words   |  5 Pagesissue, although in the century that separates Joseph Conrad’s exploration of colonial regime in his novella Heart of Darkness and Edward Zwick’s post-colonial film Blood Diamond, the values driving the major characters and factions from the different texts are comparably similar. In both texts, there are individuals showcasing major facets motivated by greed, obsessed with the stimulus that is presented in either century. In Conrad’s Heart of Darkness, the character ‘Kurtz’ is primarily stimulated by

The Relationship Between School Principals Education Essay Free Essays

string(34) " disappointed in the short tally\." Abstraction The intent of this survey is to see the relationship between leading manners associated with physical instruction instructors efficiency at school scenes. To this end,40 school principals and 40 male and female physical instruction instructors at secondary schools were indiscriminately assigned to take part in the survey. School principals public presentation assessed with Fiddler leading manner questionnaire with dependability coefficient of 0. We will write a custom essay sample on The Relationship Between School Principals Education Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now 86 by teachers.Also, teachers`performance evaluated with instructor -made questionnaire with cogency coefficient of 0.87 ( Cronbach Alpha ) completed by the pupils. Data distribution was normal shown in this survey utilizing kolmogorov-smirnov trial.Additionally, statistical method in footings of statistical theoretical account is parametric, while non-parametric statistics is employed for heterogenous groups through which desired hypotheses discussed utilizing Pearson correlativity trial, Spearman correlativity coefficient and T -test. Results indicate that there exists a important relationship between the leading manner of school principals and physical instruction instructors efficiency at 5 % significance degree. The consequences show that participative leading manner would stop up with significant efficiency of male and female instruction instructors, whereas important leading manner has shown the lowest efficiency. Cardinal words: leading manner, important leading manner, participative leading manner, school principals, instructors Introduction Acerate leaf to state that human resources play a considerable function in the development of communities. Therefore, the states will develop merely if they take a great figure of human resources into history. Today, educational direction encompasses constructs like leading, counsel and, therefore, in order to achieve its coveted ends, the educational system should reconsider its educational system direction. The educational direction shall optimally use the human and physical resources to happen its ends. The school direction is considered as one of the of import facets of the educational system.Thus, it is necessary to acknowledge the factors act uponing the school principals ‘ leading and public presentation which, in bend, can better the instructors ‘ efficiency and effectivity. Due to increasing figure of pupils, there is a demand to develop efficient and adept instructors in educational system.Of class, the educational ends wo n’t be achieved unless there are important alterations in the ideas, cognition and attitudes in this respect. So, if we want our educational system develops, we have to better the cognition accomplishments, information, ideas, attitudes, leading manners and working forms of school principals and instructors who closely interact with pupils. Historically, the civilisations have witnessed that the educated and skilled human resources would efficaciously change over the traditional communities into developed 1s. Consequently, the development is extremely dependent upon the direction cognition, particularly in footings of instruction every bit good as efficient human resources. Education is closely associated with the development and opens promising skylines for the hereafter. In other words, the educational system of every society reflects its hereafter. Alvin Toffler argues that if educational system does n’t fix pupils for the hereafter and provides them with an unrealistic and incorrect image of the hereafter, it will, surely, be considered as incompetent and unreliable. Sing the of import function of educational system in the development of states, it seems sensible to use scientific findings for the direction of educational centres so as to increase the instructors ‘ efficiency, effectivity and motive so that they try to work better and efficaciously. Applications of leading manners Leadership behavior theory: The humanistic leaders pay particular attending to the organisation members, whereas organisation – oriented leaders prefer organisation missions to the persons. Life rhythm: The important leading manner fits the immature persons whom the leader should command magisterially, while participative leading suits extremely mature persons Likert direction system. System1: This sort of direction does n’t be given to swear the subsidiaries. Hence the whole determination – doing procedure takes topographic point at top – degree direction and the sub – ordinates are rarely involved in the determination – devising procedure. System 4: In contrast with system 1, here the direction trusts the subsidiaries. In add-on, the determination – devising occurs across the organisation. Furthermore, there is a great bond among all facets of the organisation. Fiddler ‘s surveies show that undertaking – oriented leaders perform good when the conditions are either desirable or unfavourable.On the other manus, relationship – oriented leaders work best when the conditions are comparatively favourable. Task – orientated leading manner Relationship – orientated leading manner Task – orientated leading manner Favorable conditions Relatively satisfactory conditions Unfavorable conditions The consequences show that application of specific leading manners relative to a particular state of affairs can both ensue in a favourable and sound on the job environment and increase the instructors ‘ motive toward working efficaciously.The survey findings show the school principals ‘ leading manner has the most noticeable impact upon the physical instruction instructors ‘ efficiency. Conversely, the important leading manner has the least consequence upon the instructor ‘s efficiency. Court lewin etal ( 1981 ) studied five groups of kids and grownups in public assistance centre at Ohio university and found out that the group members, under democratic ( participative ) leading, would develop their creativeness, cooperation and public presentation.On the other manus, working with opinionative leading would ensue in considerable dependence, minimal creativeness and group spirit every bit good as failure in kids. Haim ( 1992 ) believed that the leading manner h as nil to make with the direction end – scene.So it is concluded that efficiency and leading manner seemingly do n’t travel with each other. Gen ( 2004 ) argued that the transmutation – oriented leaders would act upon the organisational civilization, staff duties and their occupation satisfaction. Bruce and Russel ‘s ( 2004 ) surveies indicate the of import difference between map and transmutation – oriented leaders.Here, the transmutation – oriented ( participative ) leaders are advanced and originative, whereas map – oriented ( important ) leaders are more dependent upon the bing construction in the organisation. Madani quoted Dessler ( 1994 ) that many behavioural scientists believe that participative leading is more effectual than important leading. participative leaders encourage and reenforce their employees so that they have higher morale. Besides, a group of employees with the important leading shows, at first, high public presentation, but finally they get disappointed in the short tally. You read "The Relationship Between School Principals Education Essay" in category "Essay examples" Fallahi ( 1995 ) maintains that the highest mark for the mental wellness belongs to instructors in schools whose school principals have used participative methods Nazari ( 1998 ) concluded in his survey that staff engagement in determination devising causes them to experience nearer to their organisation. Nourbakhsh, and Mohammad ( 2004 ) argued that among the leading manners, rational leading manner was most normally used followed by participative leading which was associated with low undertaking supervising and high attending to human dealingss within the organisation. Ehsan Hashemi ( 2005 ) believe the success of any organisation in accomplishing preset ends depends on how the school principals prosecute direction patterns and effectual direction manners. In fact, direction and leading manner are easing and actuating factors that straight and indirectly has considerable impact on staff`s occupation satisfaction and better their efficiency Alvani et Al ( 2005 ) concluded that school principals and skilled professionals holding scientific thoughts tend to happen the aims of the organisation through trainig and scientific betterment in the degree of organisation. The findings of this research can assist school principals opt for direction and leading manners appropriate for physical instruction decision makers and school principals and other similar organisations to increase efficiency and productiveness instructors and employees. Original Iranian text: U† U?O ±O?O ®O? U? U†¦O ­U†¦O?US ( 1383 ) U†¦O?O?U‚O?U† O? : U†¦USO §U†  O?O?U?U†¡O §US O ±U†¡O?O ±USO? O?O?U? O ±U†¡O?O ±US O §O?O?O?U„O §U„US O?O §U„O?O?O ±USU†  O?O?U? U? O?O?U? O ±U†¡O?O ±US U†¦O?O §O ±U?O?US U† USO? U?U†¡ O?O § U?USU?U?US U†¡O §US U† O?O §O ±O? U?U†¦ O?U†¡ O §U† O ¬O §U†¦ U?O?USU?U†¡ U? O?U?O ¬U†¡ O?USO §O? O?U†¡ O ±U?O §O?O · O §U† O?O §U† US O?O ± O?O §O ®U„ O?O §O?U†¦O §U†  U†¡U†¦O ±O §U†¡ O §O?O? O?O ± U†¦O ±O ­U„U†¡ O?O?O? O §O? U†¦USO §U†  U?O §USU?O §U†¡U†¡O §US U‚O?O ±O?O? U‚O?O ±O? O?O ®O µO µUS O?O §U„O?O?O ±USU†  U?O §USU?O §U†¡ U‚O?O ±O? O?O ± O?USU†  U†¦O?USO ±O §U†  U†¦O ­O?U?O? U†¦USO?U?O? ( 21 ) . Lend a better interlingual rendition Dessler ( 1973 ) asserted that many behavioural scientists would believe that participative leading might work more efficaciously than important 1. Participative leaders encourage their staff to acquire involved in the organisation personal businesss.Furthermore, their staff enjoys high spirit.Nevertheless, under important leading, the staff at first has the highest public presentation but shortly after they finally get frustrated. The high school instructors led by participative school principals are psychologically healthy.Staff `involvement in the determination – doing procedure physiques up their fond regard to the organisation. There is minimal supervising and maximal attending paid the persons ‘ relationship in footings of participative leading manner.Additionally, specialised power is the best constituent amongst power bases and the organisation success depends greatly on the per – determined end attainment, direction manner and the direction power.In fact the direction and leading manners facilitate and motivate the staff ‘s public presentation and directly/ indirectly influence their occupations satisfaction and efficiency.Also, the skilled and experient school principals who have scientific thoughts try to scientifically develop the organisation so as to achieve their organisational ends.Of class, the scientific development of the organisation is one of the conspicuous constituents of the modern and originative communities.Studies show that exercising specialised authorization from personal power every bit good as exerting wages from place power shall well convey up creativity.Hence, the findings of the present research can steer the educational system governments in physical instruction class toward taking an appropriate leading and direction manner in order to increase the staff ‘s efficiency and productiveness. Methodology: The method used in the present research of descriptive analytical type and the needed informations sing measuring of the school principal`leadership manner and physical instruction instructors ‘ efficiency collected utilizing standard questionnaire. Then the relationship between school principals ‘ leading manner and physical instruction instructor ‘s efficiency/ assessed utilizing SPSS bundle.Of class, we found out that there is no relationship between the school principals `leadership manner and the physical instruction instructor ‘s efficiency. Besides the same can be said about female and male leading manners which have nil to make with the female and male physical instruction instructor ‘s public presentation. sample: There were 204 school principals and high school physical instruction instructors from territories 1 and 2 in Manba town of whom 40 were school principals and the other 40 were physical instruction instructors. The samples chosen utilizing random stratified trying Tool: the direction tool was 2 standard questionnaires. The Fidler ‘s standard questionnaire applied to find the school principals ‘ leading manner ( participative- authoritative ) . The questionnaire consisted of 16 eight – point graduated table. The instructor -conducted questionnaire encompassed 20 five – point scale mensurating physical instruction instructors ‘ public presentation by the pupils ( physical instruction instructors ‘ public presentation ) and collected after a pre – determined clip.Then statistical calculation carried out utilizing Kolmogronov Smironov, Pearson and independent T – pupil every bit good as spearman trials. Findingss Having collected the questionnaires, we began to analyse and find the cogency and relationship in the informations utilizing SPSS and excel sofwares. Table 1 presents the significance degree between school principals`leadership manner and physical instruction instructor ‘s efficiency.The consequences show that there is a important relationship between school principals ‘ leading manner and physical instruction instructors ‘ efficiency. In add-on, sing the positive and high correlativity coefficient in the information, it was concluded that the more the school principals exercise participative leading manner, the more effectual the physical instruction instructors ‘ public presentation will be. Variables Sample figure Correlation Coefficient Significance Degree Consequence The school principals`leadership manner, female and ale physical instruction instructors ‘ efficiency 80 694 % 001 % Significant relationship The male school principals ‘ leading manner and the male physical instruction instructors ‘ efficiency 40 735 % 001 % Significant relationship The female school principals ‘ leading physical instruction instructors ‘ efficiency 40 594 % 006 % Significant relationship Besides, harmonizing to table 1, the male school principals applied participative manner at the top degree and there is important relationship between both male and female school principals and physical instruction instructors ‘ efficiency. Table 2 shows the difference between male and female school principals ‘ leading manner and male and female physical instruction instructors ‘ efficiency. Variables Sample Thymine sig Consequence Male school principals ‘ leading manner 20 no important Female school principals ‘ leading manner 20 344 % 733 % Difference between both variables Male physical instruction instructors ‘ efficiency 20 497 % 623 % no important difference between both Female physical instruction instructors ‘ efficiency 20 Variables The consequences ( table-2 ) indicate that there is no important relationship between male and female school principals school principals`leadership manner.Furthermore both groups particularly, male group benefited much from participative manner.Also, there is no important relationship between both female and male physical instruction instructors ‘ efficiency from university grade position. Variables Sample figure Correlation Coefficient sig Consequence The university grade of both male and female school principals ‘ leading manner 40 306 % 55 % No important relationship The university grades of both male and female physical ) , instruction instructors ‘ efficiency 40 405 % 009 % No important relationship There was no relationship between principals `university grade and their leading manner.However, sing the positive correlativity coefficient, it can be said that principals exercise participative manner.Also, the higher educated the physical instruction instructors are, the more efficient their public presentation shall be. Discussion Productivity in organisations require some specific conditions of which human resources is the most of import one.The organisation success hinges extremely upon attainment of pre – determined ends, direction and exerting suited leading manner by the direction In fact direction and leading manner shall ease and actuate the staff ‘s public presentation and straight / indirectly influence their occupation satisfaction and efficiency. Since an appropriate leading manner ( Court lewin etal ) can convey approximately utile alterations and transmutations in the organisation. The present research tries to mensurate the relationship between the leading manner and physical instruction instructors ‘ efficiency.Based upon the several informations analysis it can be said that the more the school principals exercise participative leading manner, the more efficient both male and female physical instruction instructors shall be. Conversely the more the school principals take important manner into history, the less productive their instructors will be.The research findings agree with the findings of Court lewin etal ( 1981 ) and Dessler ( 1998 ) . . Besides, the more principals exert more important leading manner, the more public presentation of physical instruction instructors in both groups will be reduced. Consequences of this survey is consistent with those of Nirumand ( 1999 ) , Mohammadi ( 2005 ) , Ehsan Hashemi ( 2005 ) , Kurt et Al ( 1981 ) and Dessler ( 1998 ) . Physical instruction instructors exhibited better performancethrough participative direction. O § Research consequences of this survey correspond to those of Mohamadi ( 2000 ) Mir Nadery and Nourbakhsh ( 2005 ) Sedagati ( 2005 ) Khavari and Yousefian ( 2007 ) . Both male and female school principals would be willing to exert participative leading manner particularly, here, female school principals would exert more participative manner than their male opposite numbers by 5 % .As a effect, to better the instructors ‘ efficiency, school principals are supposed to exert participative leading manner in their schools.The consequences besides indicate that there is no difference between both male and female physical instruction teachers` efficiency. Additionally, based on the leading manner exercising by the school principals, both groups would execute comparatively the same. The physical instruction instructors worked good when led by the participative school principals. Consequently educational system should develop in -service preparation and specialised classs so as to maintain the physical instruction instructors ‘ standard high.Also it was shown that there was no important relationship between the schools installations and the sc hool principals school principals leading manner.On the other manus it may bespeak that most school principals might miss direction specialisation, that is why they could n’t set up an effectual relationship with their instructors. Plus, higher educated school principals would exert participative manner.As a effect, these types of persons shall successfully prosecute an appropriate leading manner and positively better their physical instruction instructors ‘ efficiency.The present research findings indicate that exerting participative leading manner consequences in considerable physical instruction instructors ‘ efficiency, whereas the important one proves the contrary. Besides, higher educated school principals and physical instruction instructors enjoy noticeable betterment in their efficiency. How to cite The Relationship Between School Principals Education Essay, Essay examples

Apocalypses Theme Essay Example For Students

Apocalypses Theme Essay All I smelled was rotten bodies, Texas Ranger, Roy Coffman said during his testimony at the murder and conspiracy trial of 11 Branch Davidians. The dead were found in the rubble of the April 19 fire that destroyed the compound, killing more than 75 Branch Davidians, including the sects leader, David Koresh, and 17 children. Perhaps the worst case of the federal governments overreaching in American history, the 1993 Waco tragedy has caused Americans to ask the question of how much military involvement will citizens allow in their everyday lives before they lose their rights as individuals. In February, 1993, 4 federal agents were killed in an assault on the compound of the Branch Davidians, a cult group just outside of Waco, Texas. The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms the ATF, a unit of the Treasury Department implemented the operation on the grounds that members of the Branch Davidians possessed illegal firearms and explosives and committed physical and sexual abuse, especially against children. Their goal was to arrest David Koresh, a self-proclaimed apocalyptic prophet and the leader of the cult, and seize the groups weapons. After this disaster, in which about a half-dozen cult members died and several federal agents were wounded, the ATF was replaced by the FBI, whose reputation for professionalism promised a quick resolution of the conflict and an end to the siege. It seemed as if America could breathe a sigh of relief. Negotiations began, and soon some of the Branch Davidians left the compound. Yet the talks ultimately ended up breaking down and finally ended. All utilities including water, electricity, and telephone were cut off. Davidians were then bombarded with a psychological attack which included 24 hours of glaring from high powered lamps that kept the compound lit all night, and 24 hours of blaring music that included sounds ranging from Buddhist monks chanting to rabbits being killed. This barrage was intended to weaken the will of those inside the compound who were now largely cut off from contact with the outside world. On April 19, the FBI, in what appears to have been a terrible decision, began another assault. It included knocking holes in the outer walls of the compounds buildings with a tank and spraying tear gas into the interiors. Of course, the FBI did not describe this as an assault, but as closing the periphery and increasing the pressure on cult members to surrender. In particular, the FBI hoped that the women would pack up and leave with their childrenthat their maternal insticts would take over . Instead the compound went up in flames. Over 75 cult members were burnt alive in a blaze that the FBI says was started by cult members. Some factors point to this being a mass suicide, yet surviving Branch Davidians have said that the fires started when the assault on the walls of the compound spilled fuel from kerosene lamps. Six years after the Waco siege came to its violent end, citizens are angry and  shocked about details just recently unfolding concerning the raid that left more than 75 dead. Allegations that military personnel were present and participated in the raid on the Davidian compound raise serious questions about mingling of military and civilian forces in direct violation of the Posse Comitatus Act of 1878, which forbids such deployment. Just one day after the siege ended in flaming terror, President Clinton gave the American people a glimpse of what to expect from the government. The government could not be responsible for, the fact that a bunch of fanatics decided to kill themselves, he said. He then warned that there is, unfortunately, a rise in this sort of fanaticism across the world. And we may have to confront this again. The tragedy at Waco by no means is the first or only example of violations of Posse Comitatus, but it does prove the volatility that can result from mixing special- operations troops and civilian law enforcement. .ubc1c3e817b719e244891dbf93c5652d9 , .ubc1c3e817b719e244891dbf93c5652d9 .postImageUrl , .ubc1c3e817b719e244891dbf93c5652d9 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ubc1c3e817b719e244891dbf93c5652d9 , .ubc1c3e817b719e244891dbf93c5652d9:hover , .ubc1c3e817b719e244891dbf93c5652d9:visited , .ubc1c3e817b719e244891dbf93c5652d9:active { border:0!important; } .ubc1c3e817b719e244891dbf93c5652d9 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ubc1c3e817b719e244891dbf93c5652d9 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ubc1c3e817b719e244891dbf93c5652d9:active , .ubc1c3e817b719e244891dbf93c5652d9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ubc1c3e817b719e244891dbf93c5652d9 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ubc1c3e817b719e244891dbf93c5652d9 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ubc1c3e817b719e244891dbf93c5652d9 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ubc1c3e817b719e244891dbf93c5652d9 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ubc1c3e817b719e244891dbf93c5652d9:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ubc1c3e817b719e244891dbf93c5652d9 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ubc1c3e817b719e244891dbf93c5652d9 .ubc1c3e817b719e244891dbf93c5652d9-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ubc1c3e817b719e244891dbf93c5652d9:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: None Provided4 Essay PaperSeparation of civilian and military forces has long been an American tradition but under the guise of the war on drugs and war on terrorism, Congress in the last two decades has enacted legislation allowing military intervention in civilian law enforcement, which many believe violates the law. The distinction between military and civilian forces can rarely be identified. Every law enforcement officer, office, agency or department in the United States lives by the same use-of-force policy. Police may use force only to the level necessary to neutralize a situation and may use deadly force only to protect themselves or the lives of others. They are trained to consider individual rights of the citizen, regardless of the severity of the crime. On the other hand, the mission of the military is national security. Soldiers are trained to use deadly force on an enemy. Whatever term is applied, the fact remains that United States troops are participating in civilian law-enforcement activities inside the United States. Often the outcome is frightening and, as in the case of the raid on the Branch Davidians, can be disastrous. Its a slippery slope, GOP Rep. Bob Barr of Georgia warned recently, toward the militarization of civilian law enforcement. There isnt a more fundamental issue in our society than keeping civilian law enforcement separate from military. The line was completely blurred at Waco, and because Posse Comitatus has never been prosecuted, this will be one of the most important areas of the upcoming hearings in Waco. Right wing Conservatives such as the Christian Coalition and members of the NRA agree with Liberals on a rare occasion that the government did more than just overstep its bounds in the Waco siege but murdered over 75 people for reasons yet to be concretely established. They believe that the more the military begins to intervene in every day life the faster peoples individual rights are removed. These rights are included in these amendments which bear particular importance to this issue: 1st Amendment freedom of Speech; 2nd Amendment right to Bear  Arms; 10th Amendment all powers not delegated to the United States are reserved to the states or to the people; and the 14th no man can be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process. The Clinton Administration and most other lawmakers tend to lean more towards the middle and to agree with the government on the issue of the Waco siege. Their philosophy: the government is always right. Secretary of the Treasury Robert Rubin was quoted in a 1995 article in The New Republic as painting the critics of the governments actions as opponents of law enforcement. I fear some may try to use the waco hearings, he wrote, to serve another agenda: to erode public support for federal firearms lawsby undermining public confidence in the men and women who enforce those laws. Member of the Clinton Administration, Attorney General Janet Reno, took full responsibility for the operation and its disastrous outcome. According to Attorney David B. Kopel and Criminologist Paul H. Blackman, authors of No More Wacos, the day after Reno made this statement she received a call from the president who told her, That-a-girl, to show his support. Perhaps she did her best in approving what now appears to be a senseless assault. It is a reminder that you try to make the best judgment and you take the consequences, Reno was quoted in a 1994 New York Times article, you accept responsibility and you move ahead, trying always to figure out what you can do better, {Subcommittees in the investigation into the activities of federal law enforcement agencies found Renos decision to approve the FBIs plan to end the Waco standoff on April 19, 1993 premature, wrong, and highly irresponsible. .u74bdc851dd5e848693d59db67db15812 , .u74bdc851dd5e848693d59db67db15812 .postImageUrl , .u74bdc851dd5e848693d59db67db15812 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u74bdc851dd5e848693d59db67db15812 , .u74bdc851dd5e848693d59db67db15812:hover , .u74bdc851dd5e848693d59db67db15812:visited , .u74bdc851dd5e848693d59db67db15812:active { border:0!important; } .u74bdc851dd5e848693d59db67db15812 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u74bdc851dd5e848693d59db67db15812 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u74bdc851dd5e848693d59db67db15812:active , .u74bdc851dd5e848693d59db67db15812:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u74bdc851dd5e848693d59db67db15812 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u74bdc851dd5e848693d59db67db15812 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u74bdc851dd5e848693d59db67db15812 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u74bdc851dd5e848693d59db67db15812 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u74bdc851dd5e848693d59db67db15812:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u74bdc851dd5e848693d59db67db15812 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u74bdc851dd5e848693d59db67db15812 .u74bdc851dd5e848693d59db67db15812-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u74bdc851dd5e848693d59db67db15812:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: 12 Angry Men EssayThe subcommittees also sighted her negligence in authorizing the assault to proceed. According to them, Reno knew or should have known that the plan to end the standoff would endanger the lives of the Davidians inside the residence, including the children. She was also aware or should have been aware that there was a risk to the FBI agents, society as a whole, or to the Davidians from continuing this standoff and at the possibility of a peaceful resolution continued to exist. The attorney general knew or should have known that the reasons cited for ending the standoff on April 19 lacked merit. The negotiations had not reached impasse. The FBI Hostage Resc ue Team did not need to stand down for rest and retraining for at least 2 more weeks after April 19, and if and when it did stand down FBI and local law enforcement SWAT teams could have been brought in to maintain the perimeter. And while physical and sexual abuse of minors had occurred, there was no basis to conclude that minors were being subjected to any greater risk of sexual abuse during the stand-off than prior to February 28. The final assault put the children at the greatest risk.} There is no doubt that law enforcement is a noble and  necessary element to government, but at Waco the Clinton Administration acted coarsely, thoughtlessly and lethally, and then refused to consider critically what it had done. A perfect example of this callousness is reflected in Attorney General Janet Renos decision use C.S. gas tear gas for forty-eight hours despite the presence of babies who cannot be protected by the masks. According to Alan Stone a professor of law and psychiatry at Harvard Law School, the attorney general maintained that she had been assured that the gas would not cause permanent harm to the babies, but medical literature contains convincing evidence of the life threatening risk. The overreaching of government and military in the Waco siege resulted in a situation comparable to those of Nazi germany during World war II, and it is clear that in order for America to remain a free society our country must do everything in its power to prevent events such as thus from ever happening again.